Blar i forfatter "Sundsfjord, Arnfinn"
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Alternative vanHAX promoters and increased vanA-plasmid copy number resurrect silenced glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus faecium
Wagner, Theresa; Janice, Jessin; Sivertsen, Audun; Sjögren, Ingegerd; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Hegstad, Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-26)<i>Background</i> - Vancomycin variable enterococci (VVE) are <i>van</i>-positive isolates with a susceptible phenotype that can convert to a resistant phenotype during vancomycin selection.<p> <p><i>Objectives</i> - To describe a vancomycin-susceptible <i>vanA</i>-PCR positive ST203 VVE <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> isolate (VVE<i>Swe</i>-S) from a liver transplantation patient in Sweden which ... -
Antibiotic sensitivity screening of Klebsiella spp. and Raoultella spp. isolated from marine bivalve molluscs reveal presence of CTX-M-producing K. pneumoniae
Håkonsholm, Fredrik; Hetland, Marit A.K.; Svanevik, Cecilie Smith; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Lunestad, Bjørn Tore; Marathe, Nachiket (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-30)<i>Klebsiella</i> spp. are a major cause of both nosocomial and community acquired infections, with <i>K. pneumoniae</i> being responsible for most human infections. Although <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. are present in a variety of environments, their distribution in the sea and the associated antibiotic resistance is largely unknown. In order to examine prevalence of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and related ... -
Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of clinically important bacterial pathogens at the Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi
Choonara, Faheema E.; Haldorsen, Bjørg; Ndhlovu, Isaac; Saulosi, Osborne; Maida, Tarsizio; Lampiao, Fanuel; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov; Essack, Sabiha Y.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-01)Background The aim of this prospective study was to ascertain antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical bacterial pathogens from in-hospital adult patients at a tertiary hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. Methods<p> <p>Clinical specimens (blood culture, pus, urine and cerebrospinal fluid) collected during June to December 2017 were examined for bacterial growth in standard aerobic conditions. One ... -
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Bacteroides species by disk diffusion: The NordicAST Bacteroides study
Stubhaug, Tore Taksdal; Giske, Christian G.; Justesen, Ulrik S; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Matuschek, Erika; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Skaare, Dagfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-28)Objectives - Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of anaerobic bacteria has until recently been done by MIC methods. We have carried out a multi-centre evaluation of the newly validated EUCAST disk diffusion method for AST of Bacteroides spp.<p> <p>Methods - A panel of 30 Bacteroides strains was assembled based on reference agar dilution MICs, resistance gene detection and quantification ... -
An assessment on potential long-term health effects caused by antibiotic resistance marker genes in genetically modified organisms based on antibiotic usage and resistance patterns in Norway.
Nes, Ingolf; Berdal, Knut G; Kruse, Hilde; Mikalsen, Arne; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Yazdankhah, Siamak Pour (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2005-11-25)Usage of antibiotics selects for resistant bacteria, resulting in reduced treatment options, and increased morbidity and mortality from microbial infections. Development of resistance in susceptible bacteria can occur through spontaneous mutation or horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Our current understanding of resistance development in bacterial pathogens is more descriptive ... -
Burden, antibiotic resistance, and clonality of shigella spp. Implicated in community-acquired acute diarrhoea in Lilongwe, Malawi
Phiri, Abel F.N.D.; Abia, Akebe Luther King; Amoako, Daniel Gyamfi; Mkakosya, Rajab; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Essack, Sabiha; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-28)Although numerous studies have investigated diarrhoea aetiology in many sub-Saharan African countries, recent data on <i>Shigella</i> species’ involvement in community-acquired acute diarrhoea (CA-AD) in Malawi are scarce. This study investigated the incidence, antibiotic susceptibility profile, genotypic characteristics, and clonal relationships of <i>Shigella flexneri</i> among 243 patients ... -
Carbapenem resistance determinants acquired through novel chromosomal integrations in extensively drug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa
Janice, Jessin; Agyepong, Nicholas; Owusu-Ofori, Alex; Govinden, Usha; Essack, Sabiha; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Pedersen, Torunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-17)Two novel bla<sub>DIM-1</sub>- or bla<SUB>IMP-1</SUB>-containing genomic islands (GIs) were discovered by whole-genome sequence analyses in four extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolates from inpatients at a tertiary hospital in Ghana. The strains were of sequence type 234 (ST234) and formed a phylogenetic clade together with ST111, which is recognized as a global ... -
Characterisation of the Plasmidome within Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Marginal Periodontitis Patients in Norway
Song, Xiaobo; Sun, Jinglu; Mikalsen, Theresa; Roberts, Adam P.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)The present study aimed to identify and characterize plasmids in a national collection of oral Enterococcus faecalis (n = 106) isolated from patients with marginal periodontitis. Plasmid replicon typing was performed by multiplex-PCR and sequencing with specific primers for 18 rep-families and 1 unique sequence. Additional plasmid analysis by S1-PFGE was performed for comparison. Totally 120 plasmid ... -
A comparison of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli from clinical, recreational water and wastewater samples associated in time and location
Jørgensen, Silje; Søraas, Arne Vasli; Arnesen, Lotte S; Arnesen, Lotte Pia Stenfors; Leegaard, Truls Michael; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Jenum, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-17)Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) are excreted via effluents and sewage into the environment where they can re-contaminate humans and animals. The aim of this observational study was to detect and quantify ESBL-EC in recreational water and wastewater, and perform a genetic and phenotypic comparative analysis of the environmental strains with geographically associated ... -
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae human gut carriage: a comparison of culture, qPCR, and whole metagenomic sequencing methods
Lindstedt, Kenneth; Buczek, Dorota Julia; Pedersen, Torunn Annie; Hjerde, Erik; Raffelsberger, Niclas Peter; Suzuki, Yutaka; Brisse, Sylvain; Holt, Kathryn E.; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-31)Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important opportunistic healthcare-associated pathogen and major contributor to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Gastrointestinal colonization with K. pneumoniae is a major predisposing risk factor for infection and forms an important hub for the dispersal of resistance. Current culture-based detection methods are time consuming, give limited intra-sample ... -
Dissemination of a Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Belonging to International Clone II/Sequence Type 2 and Harboring a Novel AbaR4-Like Resistance Island in Latvia
Saule, Mara; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Dumpis, Uga; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Karlsone, Aija; Balode, Arta; Miklasevics, Edvins; Karah, Nabil (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)An outbreak of hospital-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii infections, caused by a blaOXA-23-positive carbapenem-resistant strain belonging to international clone II/ST2, was detected in Latvia. The strain was partially equipped with the armA gene and the intI1-aacA4-catB8-aadA1-qacE 1 class 1 integron. In addition, the strain carried AbaR25, a novel AbaR4-like resistance island of 46,500 bp ... -
Efficacy of mecillinam against clinical multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in a murine urinary tract infection model
Zykov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Frimodt-Møller, Niels; Småbrekke, Lars; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Samuelsen, Ørjan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-11-23)Pivmecillinam, a pro-drug of mecillinam, has been used extensively in Scandinavia for the treatment of acute lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Enterobacterales. It is still an attractive first-line drug for the empirical treatment of UTIs owing to the low prevalence of resistance as well as its favourable impact on the intestinal microbiota as a pro-drug and good in vitro efficacy ... -
Emergence of clonally related multidrug resistant haemophilus influenzae with penicillin-binding protein 3-mediated resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, Norway, 2006 to 2013
Skaare, Dagfinn; Anthonisen, Inger Lill; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Matuschek, Erika; Natås, Olav Bjarte; Steinbakk, Martin; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Kristiansen, Bjørn-Erik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014) -
Epidemiological and molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage strains in pre-school children in Arkhangelsk, northern European Russia, prior to the introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines
Jensen, V. Vorobieva S.; Furberg, Anne-Sofie; Slotved, Hans-Christian; Bazhukova, Tatiana; Haldorsen, Bjørg; Caugant, Dominique A.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-15)<p><i>Background - </i>The 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-13) was introduced in the National Immunization Programme (NIP) schedule in Russia in March 2014. Previously, the 7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-7) was marketed in Russia in 2009 but has never been offered for mass vaccination. A carriage study was performed among children in Arkhangelsk in 2006. The objective was ... -
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria are not detected in supragingival plaque samples from human fecal carriers of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Søraas, Arne Vasli Lund; Olsen, Ingar; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Handal, Trude; Bjørang, Ola; Jenum, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014) -
Faecal colonization of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC in Mozambican university students
Chirindze, Lourenco Marcos; Zimba, Tomas F.; Sekyere, John Osei; Govinden, Usha; Chenia, Hafizah Y.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Essack, Sabiha Y.; Simonsen, Gunnar Skov (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-08)<p><i>Background</i>: In recent years, the world has seen a surge in Enterobacteriaceae resistant to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) enzymes. Data on the epidemiology of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Sub-Saharan Africa are still limited.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Two hundred ... -
Fecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae after urinary tract infection - A three year prospective cohort study
Jørgensen, Silje; Søraas, Arne Vasli; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Liestøl, Knut; Leegaard, Truls Michael; Jenum, Pål (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-07)We have performed a prospective cohort study to investigate the duration of and risk factors for prolonged fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with community acquired urinary tract infection caused by these bacteria. From 2009 to 2011, 101 Norwegian patients were recruited. Stool swabs and questionnaires were collected every three months for one ... -
Gastrointestinal carriage of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a general adult population: a cross-sectional study of risk factors and bacterial genomic diversity
Raffelsberger, Niclas Peter; Hetland, Marit Andrea Klokkhammer; Svendsen, Kristian; Småbrekke, Lars; Löhr, Iren Høyland; Andreassen, Lotte; Brisse, Sylvain; Holt, Kathryn E.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Gravningen, Kirsten Midttun (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-28)Antibiotic resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a leading public health threat and gastrointestinal carriage is an established risk factor for subsequent infections during hospitalization. Our study contributes new knowledge of risk factors for gastrointestinal carriage and the genomic population structure of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> colonizing humans in a representative sample of a general population ... -
Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a Ghanaian teaching hospital
Agyepong, Nicholas; Govinden, Usha; Owusu-Ofori, Alex; Amoako, Daniel Gyamfi; Allam, Mushal; Janice, Jessin; Pedersen, Torunn Annie; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Essack, Sabiha (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-23)<p><i>Objectives - </i>This study delineated the clonal lineages, antibiotic resistome and plasmid replicon types in multidrug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates from a teaching hospital in Ghana. <p><i>Methods - </i>Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done using the MALDI-TOF MS and Vitek-2 automated system. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out using the NucliSens ... -
High prevalence of multidrug resistant ESBL- and plasmid mediated AmpC-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique
Estaleva, Calvina E.L.; Zimba, Tomas F.; Sekyere, John Osei; Govinden, Usha; Chenia, Hafizah Y.; Simonsen, Gunnar S.; Haldorsen, Bjørg; Essack, Sabiha Y.; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-06)Background: Epidemiological data of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in Sub-Saharan Africa is still restricted,and in particular in Mozambique. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing clinical strains of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), a 1000-bed reference hospital in Maputo, ...